专辑：Linux专题_Centos7安装MySQL8-Java充电社【公众号：Java充电社】

## 1）卸载本机mariadb

> 先查看mariadb的安装包，然后卸载，最后可再次查看确认

```shell
[root@test001 mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

[root@test001 mysql]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

[root@test001 mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
```

## 2）下载mysql（网盘、官网）

**（1）网盘地址**

```shell
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1_N830MgeYLt_VF4bTFWj2w 
提取码：yyds 
```

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/c1c22cc8-41b4-4511-ae78-b3b9174696a9.png)

**（2）官网下载**

> 根据自己的机子到MySQL官网下载对应的数据库https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/3048e614-1f13-40ab-ba5d-cdcfdbb45995.png)

## 3）下载完成

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/7d92d253-44a4-4fda-b178-cb4d89ab02a6.png)

## 4）上传并解压

上传到`/opt/soft/mysql`目录

```shell
[root@test001 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/soft/mysql
[root@test001 ~]# cd /opt/soft/mysql/

[root@test001 ~]# rz

[root@test001 mysql]# ls
mysql-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

[root@test001 mysql]# tar -xvf mysql-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 
mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-debuginfo-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-debug-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@test001 mysql]# ll
总用量 1609156
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  823879680 5月  16 13:07 mysql-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415  14668996 3月  24 19:43 mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   2574424 3月  24 19:43 mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415    648680 3月  24 19:43 mysql-community-common-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 445936940 3月  24 19:44 mysql-community-debuginfo-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   1949700 3月  24 19:44 mysql-community-devel-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   4214948 3月  24 19:44 mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   2216040 3月  24 19:45 mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   1575404 3月  24 19:45 mysql-community-libs-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415    683148 3月  24 19:45 mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415  55984868 3月  24 19:45 mysql-community-server-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415  22960584 3月  24 19:46 mysql-community-server-debug-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 270450256 3月  24 19:47 mysql-community-test-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
```

## 5）依次安装下面软件包，其余的可以不用管

> mysql-community-common
> mysql-community-libs
> mysql-community-client
> mysql-community-server

```shell
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force mysql-community-common-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force mysql-community-libs-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force mysql-community-server-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
```

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/05309ec2-cdf2-421c-bc26-32a995650199.png)

## 6）查看已安装的mysql资源

> 我们安装了4个，所以列出来的也是4个

```shell
[root@test001 mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-community-server-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64
```

## 7）对mysql的初始化及相关配置

> 输入以下4条命令，完成对mysql的初始化及相关配置

```shell
[root@test001 mysql]# mysqld --initialize
[root@test001 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
[root@test001 mysql]# systemctl start mysqld.service 
[root@test001 mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld
```

## 8）查看数据库的初始密码

```shell
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
```

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/8c03917a-282b-4eee-8006-b8ddcdb7e795.png)

## 9）使用root用户登录mysql，输入初始密码

```shell
mysql -u root -p
```

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/45858200-234b-4f35-81de-efa5e2179ca6.png)

## 10）修改root密码

```shell
alter user "root"@"localhost" identified by "1qaz@2wsx";
```

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/1bdc184c-4f1e-4d7d-aeda-5026bfc05cb7.png)

## 11）通过以下命令，进行远程访问的授权

```shell
create user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '1qaz@2wsx'; 
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;
flush privileges;  --立即生效
```

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/3b87ecaa-e457-4efb-a03d-66782271c578.png)

## 12）通过以下命令修改加密规则

> MySql8.0 版本 和 5.0 的加密规则不一样，而现在的可视化工具只支持旧的加密方式，最后刷新修改后的权限

```sh
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '1qaz@2wsx' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
flush privileges;
```

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/554269e5-b41d-486e-baa9-e51e3b3e592c.png)

## 13）关闭 firewall

```shell
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
systemctl mask firewalld.service
```

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/0ccfb8ee-9ba0-4958-aa83-6ff39e251c01.png)

## 14）安装iptables防火墙

> 出现完成!或者Complete!即为成功，命令如下

```shell
yum -y install iptables-services
```

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/75d445ea-a18e-4267-b591-f46a37f97586.png)

## 15）启动设置防火墙

```shell
systemctl enable iptables;
systemctl start iptables;
systemctl status iptables;
```

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/6f69da6a-eac9-4b12-a55f-bc9b6e1f92f0.png)

## 16）对外开放mysql端口

通过vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables命令编辑防火墙

```shell
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
```

在iptables中添加下面内容，位置如下图，不要放错地方了

```shell
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
```

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/bbeac9c8-a034-4ed9-b054-da64a7e32c52.png)

## 17）重启防火墙，使配置生效

```shell
systemctl restart iptables.service
```

## 18）通过命令设置防火墙开机启动

```
systemctl enable iptables.service
```

## 19）使用客户端工具连接测试即可

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/77e0da50-5042-4f54-8074-a5008c6ffc53.png)

## 20）如何修改mysql端口？(/etc/my.cnf)

mysql配置文件位置`/etc/my.cnf`，可以编辑这个文件修改mysql配置。

**（1）比如将端口修改为33307**

> 编辑/etc/my.cnf文件，在[mysqld]下面添加`port=33307`

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/49dc9765-8c92-431c-a8b3-ecf586117e82.png)

**（2）执行下面命令，重启mysql服务**

```shell
systemctl restart mysqld
```

**（3）对外开放33307端口**

通过下面命令编辑iptables

```shell
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
```

添加下面内容

```shell
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 33307 -j ACCEPT
```

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/4e797e11-6896-44cb-8a12-c1aae27d00e1.png)

**（4）执行下面命令，重启iptables服务**

```shell
systemctl restart iptables
```

**（5）客户端连接测试**

![](https://itsoku.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itsoku/blog/article/288/118ed97b-6446-4a66-a78f-358b5e04b1bb.png)

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