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Linux专题第21篇:Centos7安装MySQL8
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<div style="display:none"></div> ## 1)卸载本机mariadb > 先查看mariadb的安装包,然后卸载,最后可再次查看确认 ```shell [root@test001 mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 [root@test001 mysql]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 [root@test001 mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb ``` ## 2)下载mysql(网盘、官网) **(1)网盘地址** ```shell 链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1_N830MgeYLt_VF4bTFWj2w 提取码:yyds ```  **(2)官网下载** > 根据自己的机子到MySQL官网下载对应的数据库https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/  ## 3)下载完成  ## 4)上传并解压 上传到`/opt/soft/mysql`目录 ```shell [root@test001 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/soft/mysql [root@test001 ~]# cd /opt/soft/mysql/ [root@test001 ~]# rz [root@test001 mysql]# ls mysql-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar [root@test001 mysql]# tar -xvf mysql-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-common-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-debuginfo-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-devel-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-debug-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-test-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm [root@test001 mysql]# ll 总用量 1609156 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 823879680 5月 16 13:07 mysql-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 14668996 3月 24 19:43 mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 2574424 3月 24 19:43 mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 648680 3月 24 19:43 mysql-community-common-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 445936940 3月 24 19:44 mysql-community-debuginfo-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 1949700 3月 24 19:44 mysql-community-devel-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 4214948 3月 24 19:44 mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 2216040 3月 24 19:45 mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 1575404 3月 24 19:45 mysql-community-libs-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 683148 3月 24 19:45 mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 55984868 3月 24 19:45 mysql-community-server-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 22960584 3月 24 19:46 mysql-community-server-debug-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 270450256 3月 24 19:47 mysql-community-test-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm ``` ## 5)依次安装下面软件包,其余的可以不用管 > mysql-community-common > mysql-community-libs > mysql-community-client > mysql-community-server ```shell rpm -ivh --nodeps --force mysql-community-common-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh --nodeps --force mysql-community-libs-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh --nodeps --force mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh --nodeps --force mysql-community-server-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm ```  ## 6)查看已安装的mysql资源 > 我们安装了4个,所以列出来的也是4个 ```shell [root@test001 mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mysql mysql-community-server-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 mysql-community-common-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 mysql-community-libs-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 ``` ## 7)对mysql的初始化及相关配置 > 输入以下4条命令,完成对mysql的初始化及相关配置 ```shell [root@test001 mysql]# mysqld --initialize [root@test001 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql [root@test001 mysql]# systemctl start mysqld.service [root@test001 mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld ``` ## 8)查看数据库的初始密码 ```shell cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password ```  ## 9)使用root用户登录mysql,输入初始密码 ```shell mysql -u root -p ```  ## 10)修改root密码 ```shell alter user "root"@"localhost" identified by "1qaz@2wsx"; ```  ## 11)通过以下命令,进行远程访问的授权 ```shell create user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '1qaz@2wsx'; grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option; flush privileges; --立即生效 ```  ## 12)通过以下命令修改加密规则 > MySql8.0 版本 和 5.0 的加密规则不一样,而现在的可视化工具只支持旧的加密方式,最后刷新修改后的权限 ```sh ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '1qaz@2wsx' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; flush privileges; ```  ## 13)关闭 firewall ```shell systemctl stop firewalld.service systemctl disable firewalld.service systemctl mask firewalld.service ```  ## 14)安装iptables防火墙 > 出现完成!或者Complete!即为成功,命令如下 ```shell yum -y install iptables-services ```  ## 15)启动设置防火墙 ```shell systemctl enable iptables; systemctl start iptables; systemctl status iptables; ```  ## 16)对外开放mysql端口 通过vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables命令编辑防火墙 ```shell vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables ``` 在iptables中添加下面内容,位置如下图,不要放错地方了 ```shell -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT ```  ## 17)重启防火墙,使配置生效 ```shell systemctl restart iptables.service ``` ## 18)通过命令设置防火墙开机启动 ``` systemctl enable iptables.service ``` ## 19)使用客户端工具连接测试即可  ## 20)如何修改mysql端口?(/etc/my.cnf) mysql配置文件位置`/etc/my.cnf`,可以编辑这个文件修改mysql配置。 **(1)比如将端口修改为33307** > 编辑/etc/my.cnf文件,在[mysqld]下面添加`port=33307`  **(2)执行下面命令,重启mysql服务** ```shell systemctl restart mysqld ``` **(3)对外开放33307端口** 通过下面命令编辑iptables ```shell vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables ``` 添加下面内容 ```shell -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 33307 -j ACCEPT ```  **(4)执行下面命令,重启iptables服务** ```shell systemctl restart iptables ``` **(5)客户端连接测试**  <a style="display:none" target="_blank" href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/_S1DD2JADnXvpexxaBwLLg" style="color:red; 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